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MICRF113
QwikRadio(R) ASK Transmitter
General Description
The MICRF113 is a high performance, easy to use, single chip ASK Transmitter IC for remote wireless applications in the 300 to 450MHz frequency band. This transmitter IC is a true "data-in, antenna-out" monolithic device. MICRF113 has three strong attributes: power delivery, operating voltage and operating temperature. In terms of power, the MICRF113 is capable of delivering +10 dBm into a 50 load. This power level enables a small form factor transmitter (lossy antenna) such as a key fob transmitter to operate near the maximum limit of transmission regulations. In terms of operating voltage, the MICRF113 operates from 1.8V to 3.6V. Many transmitter ICs in the same frequency band stop operating below 2.0V. The MICRF113 will work with most batteries to the end of their useful limits. In terms of operating temperature, the MICRF113 operates from -40C to +85C. The MICRF113 is easy to use. It requires a reference frequency (RF carrier frequency divided by 32 times) generated from a crystal with a few additional external parts to create a complete versatile transmitter. The MICRF113 operates with ASK/OOK (Amplitude Shift Keying/On-Off Keyed) UHF receiver types from wide-band super-regenerative radios to narrow-band, high performance super-heterodyne receivers. The MICRF113's maximum ASK data rate is 10kbps (Manchester Encoding).
The MICRF113 transmitter solution is ideal for industrial and consumer applications where simplicity and form factor are important.
Features
* * * * * * * Complete UHF transmitter Frequency range 300MHz to 450MHz Data rates up to 10kbps ASK Output Power to 10dBm Low external part count Low voltage operation (down to 1.8V) Operate with crystals or ceramic resonators
Applications
* * * * * Fan Controllers Remote Power Switches Multi-Media Remote Control Remote Sensor Data Links Infrared Transmitter Replacement
Ordering Information
Part Number MICRF113YM6 Temp. Range -40C to +85C Package SOT23-6
Typical Application
Vdd L1 680nH (470nH) L2 82nH (150nH) L3 1 PCB ANTENNA 3 C3 10pF 50V Vdd 2 C2 4.7pF (6.8pF) C4 18pF C5 18pF C1 6.3V MICRF113 1 2 3 PAOUT VSS Vdd ASK XTLIN XTLOUT 6 5 4 Y1 13.560MHz (9.84375 MHz) DATA
Figure 1. MICRF113 ASK Key Fob Design for 315 MHz and 433.92 MHz
QwikRadio is a registered trademark of Micrel, Inc. Micrel Inc. * 2180 Fortune Drive * San Jose, CA 95131 * USA * tel +1 (408) 944-0800 * fax + 1 (408) 474-1000 * http://www.micrel.com
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Micrel, Inc.
Note: Values indicated in parentheses are for 315MHz
MICRF113
Pin Configuration
PAOUT 1 VSS 2 VDD 3 SOT-23-6 6 ASK 5 XTLIN 4 XTLOUT
Pin Description
Pin Number MSOP-6 Pin Name Pin Function
1 2 3 4 5 6
PA_OUT VSS VDD XTLOUT XTLIN ASK
PA output Ground Voltage Drain Drain (Input): Positive Power Supply Crystal Out (Output): Reference oscillator output connection. Crystal In (Input): Reference oscillator input connection. ASK DATA Input
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Absolute Maximum Ratings (1)
Supply Voltage VDD ...................................................+5.0V Voltage on PAOUT......................................................+7.2V Voltage on I/O Pins ............................ VSS-0.3 to VDD+0.3 Storage Temperature Range ....................-65C to + 150C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10 seconds) ............ + 300C ESD Rating..................................................................2KV(3)
Operating Ratings (2)
Supply Voltage VDD ........................................ 1.8V to 3.6V Ambient Operating Temperature (TA) ........ -40C to +85C Programmable Transmitter Frequency Range ....................................................... 300MHz to 450MHz
Electrical Characteristics(4)
Specifications apply for VDD = 3.0V, TA = 25C, FreqREFOSC = 13.560MHz, EN = VDD. Bold values indicate -40C to 85C unless otherwise noted. 1kbps data rate 50% duty cycle. RL 50ohm load (matched)
Parameter Power Supply Condition Min Typ Max Units
Mark Supply Current ION SPACE supply current, IOFF
@ 315MHz, POUT = +10dBm @ 433.92MHz, POUT = +10dBm @ 315MHz @ 433.92 MHz
12.3 12.5 2 2 10
mA mA mA mA dBm dBm dBc dBc dBc dBc dBc 10 kbps kHz kHz dBc/Hz dBc/Hz dBc/Hz dBc/Hz pF pF s
RF Output Section and Modulation Limits:
Output power level, POUT ASK "mark" Harmonics output for 315 MHz Harmonics output for 433.92 MHz Extinction ratio for ASK
ASK Modulation
@315MHz (4) @433.92MHz @945MHz
(4) (4)
10 -39 -53 -55 -55 70
@ 630MHz (4) 2nd harm. 3rd harm.
(4)
@ 867.84MHz
2nd harm.
@1301.76MHz (4) 3rd harm.
Data Rate Occupied Bandwidth
VCO Section
@315MHz
(6) (6)
<700 <1000 -76 -79 -72 -81 2 18 300
@433.92MHz
315 MHz Single Side Band Phase Noise 433.92 MHz Single Side Band Phase Noise
Reference Oscillator Section
@ 100kHz from Carrier @ 1000kHz from Carrier @ 100kHz from Carrier @ 1000kHz from Carrier Pin capacitance See Schematic C17 & C18
XTLIN, XTLOUT External Capacitance Oscillator Startup Time
(5)
Crystal: HC49S
Digital / Control Section
Output Blanking
VDD transition from LOW to HIGH
500
s
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MICRF113
Electrical Characteristics (continued)
Parameter Condition Min Typ Max
0.2xVDD
Units
Digital Input ASK Pin Digital Input Leakage Current ASK Pin Under Voltage Lock Out (UVLO)
Notes: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
High (VIH) Low (VIL) High (VIH) Low (VIL)
0.8xVDD 0.05 0.05 1.6
V V A A V
Exceeding the absolute maximum rating may damage the device. The device is not guaranteed to function outside its operating rating. Devices are ESD sensitive. Handling precautions recommended. Human body model, 1.5k in series with 100pF. Measured using Test Circuit in Figure 2. Dependent on crystal RBW = 100kHz, OBW measured at -20dBc.
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Test Circuit
SMA-1 L1 39nH C103 100pF O/P L101 50-8000MHz 2 I/P K10-A DV19_1S_VDD DV19_1S_VDD C6 10F C5 0.1F C4 10pF K8-B C19 10pF 8 1 AGND_SNS VDD GND ASK K1-A R101 10K
5
MICRF113 SOT-6 1 2 3 PAOUT VSS VDD ASK XTLIN XTLOUT 6 5 4
DDD7_2_ASK
K1-B
Y1 13.56MHz Y2 9.84MHz
K6-A
K8-A
C20 10pF
Figure 2. MICRF113 Test Circuit
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MICRF113 PCB Layout Recommendations
Assembly Drawing MICRF113 50 Ohm Test Board
Top Layer MICRF113 50 Ohm Test Board
Bottom Layer MICRF113 50 Ohm Test Board
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Typical Characteristics Using MICRF113, 50 test Board
315MHz OBW, ASK = 1kHz 315Mhz OBW, ASK = 10kHz
CW Max Power @ 3V, 315MHz, ASK = 1kHz, Note 1
RF Spectrum 2 Harmonic; Fundamental at 315 MHz
nd
RF Spectrum 3rd Harmonic; Fundamental at 315 MHz
315MHz, Power Level at Space, VDD = 3.0V, ASK = 1kHz, -62dBm
Note 1. 1.2dB cable loss.
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315MHz, Zero Span , ASK = 1kHz
315MHz, Zero Span, ASK = 10kHz
315MHz, Phase Noise, ASK = 1kHz, 100kHz Offset, -75.59dBc/Hz
315MHz, Phase Noise, ASK = 1khz, 1MHz Offset, -78.99dBc/Hz
315MHz, Phase Noise, ASK = CW, 100kHz Offset, -70.96dBc/Hz
315MHz, Phase Noise, ASK = CW, 1MHz Offset, -76.72dBc/Hz
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MICRF113
433.92MHz OBW, ASK = 1kHz
433.92MHz OBW, ASK = 10kHz
433.92MHz, CW Max Power @ 3V, ASK = 1kHz, Note 1
RF Spectrum 2nd Harmonic; Fundamental at 433.92 MHz
RF Spectrum 3rd Harmonic; Fundamental at 433.92 MHz
433.92MHz Power Level at Space, VDD = 3.0V, ASK = 1kHz, -52dBm
Note: 1.3dB cable loss.
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MICRF113
433.92MHz Zero Span, 1kHz
433.92ASK Zero Span at 10kHz
433.92MHz Phase Noise, ASK = CW, 100kHz Offset, -81.73dBc/Hz
433.92MHz Phase Noise, ASK = CW, 1MHz Offset, -78.49dBc/Hz
433.92MHz Phase Noise, ASK = 1kHz, 100kHz Offset, -71.64dBc/Hz
433.92MHz Phase Noise, ASK = 1kHz, 1MHz Offset, -79.4dBc/Hz
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Functional Diagram
PLL X 32 XTLOUT XTLIN
XTAL Osc.
PFD
Divider Charge Pump VCO
PA
PAOUT
Lock Amplitude
Enable Control
ASK
Under Voltage Detect
VDD
VSS
Figure 3. Functional Block Diagram MICRF113
Functional Description
Figure 3 is a functional block diagram of the MICRF113 transmitter. The MICRF113 is best described as a phase locked transmitter. The MICRF113 system is partitioned into five functional blocks: * * * * * Crystal oscillator PLLx32 Power amplifier Enable control Under voltage detection
Crystal Oscillator Parameters for ASK Operation Figure 4 shows a reference oscillator circuit configuration for ASK operation. The reference oscillator is capable of driving crystals with ESR range from 20 to 300. When the ESR of crystal is at 20, the crystal parameter limits are: ESR 20 Cpar 2 to 10pF Cmo 10 to 40fF
Crystal Oscillator The reference oscillator is crystal-based Pierce configuration, designed to accept crystals with frequency from 9.375MHz to 14.0625MHz.
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CRYSTAL MODEL XTLOUT
MICRF113 Enable Control Enable control gates the ASK data. It only allows transmission when Lock, Amplitude and Under Voltage Detect conditions are valid. Under Voltage Detect "Under voltage detect" block senses operating voltage. If the operating voltage falls below 1.6V, "under voltage detect" block will send a signal to "enable control" block to disable the PA.
ESR
CLOAD
CMO
CPAR CLOAD
VSS
XTLIN MICRF113 ASK
Figure 4. Reference Oscillator ASK Operation
When the ESR of crystal is at 300, the crystal parameter limits are: ESR CPAR CMO CLOAD 300 2 to 5pF 10 to 40fF 10 to 30pF
PLL x32 The function of PLLx32 is to provide a stable carrier frequency for transmission. It is a "divide by 32" phase locked loop oscillator. Power Amplifier The power amplifier serves two purposes: 1) to buffer the VCO from external elements and 2) to amplify the phase locked signal. The power amplifier can produce +10dBm at 3V (typical).
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Application Information
Vdd R7 C2 100pF 50V L1 820nH (470nH) C1 10 F 6.3V C10 0.1 F 50V
MICRF113YM6 4 C15 NP 1nF REFOSC DATA Y1 R2 100k C13 18pF 5 6 XTLOUT XTLIN ASK VDD VSS PAOUT 3 2 1
C16 NP
C5 12pF 50V (10pF 50V)
L4 68nH (150nH)
1
13.560MHz (9.4375MHz)
L5 ANTENNA 3
C14 18pF
C12 NP (4.7 F/ 6.3V/ 0805)
C11 NP
C6 NP
C7 4.7pF (6.8pF)
2
Figure 6. ASK 433.92MHz and (315MHz)
Notes: 1. 2. 3. Components labeled NP are not placed. Values without parentheses are for 433.92 MHz and values in parentheses are for 315MHz. Value of R7 is selected to vary the output power.
The MICRF113 is well suited to drive a 50-ohm source, monopole or a loop antenna. Figure 6 is an example of a loop antenna configuration. Figure 6 also shows both 315MHz and 433.92MHz ASK configurations for a loop antenna. Besides using a different crystal, Table 1 lists modified values needed for the listed frequencies.
Frequency (MHz)
L1 (nH)
C5 (pF)
L4 (nH)
C7 (pF)
Y1 (MHz)
315.0 433.92
470 820
10 12
150 68
Table 1
6.8 4.7
9.84375 13.5600
Power Amplitude Control Using External Resistor R7 is used to adjust the RF amplitude output levels which may be needed to meet compliance regulation. As an example, the following tables list typical values of conducted RF output levels and corresponding R7 resistor values for the 50-ohm test board, as shown in Figure 2. R7 of the TX113-1C Demo board using the loop antenna can be adjusted for the appropriate radiated field allowed by FCC or ETSI compliance. Contact Micrel for suggested R7 values to meet FCC and ETSI compliances.
The reference design shown in Figure 6 has an antenna optimized for using the matching network as described in Table 1.
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MICRF113 RF Output Response as a Function of VDD and ASK
R7,
Output Power, dBm
IDD, mA
0 75 100 500 1000
10 8.5 8.0 1.6 -3.8
6.7 6.3 6.2 4.13 4.87
Output Power Versus External Resistor at 315MHz R7, Output Power, dBm IDD, mA
0 75 100 500 1000
8.68 8.34 8.02 4.34 0.42
7.5 7.33 7.3 6.3 5.5
Figure 7. RF Output Response (VDD and ASK)
Output Power Versus External Resistor at 433.92 MHz
Output Power ON-OFF Control There are two ways to enable the PA output power. First, by supplying the ASK signal with VDD applied continuously, resulting in a Mark and Space RF output condition. A second method involves applying both VDD and ASK synchronously. The second method allows for longer battery usage since the battery is disconnected during non-activation. Figure 7 shows the RF output time response since VDD and the ASK are applied to the MICRF113. The RF output response, as a function of VDD, is typically less then 1.25mSec. This measurement was done using the circuitry shown in Figure 2.
Note: The ASK signal should never be applied before VDD.
Output Matching Network Part of the function of the output network is to attenuate the second and third harmonics. When matching to a transmit frequency, care must be taken both to optimize for maximum output power, and to attenuate unwanted harmonics. Layout Issues PCB Layout is a primary concern for achieving optimum performance and consistent manufacturing results. Care must used with the orientation of components to ensure that they do not couple or decouple the RF signal. PCB trace length should be short to minimize parasitic inductance (1 inch ~ 20nH). For example, depending upon inductance values, a 0.5 inch trace can change the inductance by as much as 10%. To reduce parasitic inductance, the practice of using wide traces and a ground plane under the signal traces is recommended. Vias with low value inductance should be used for components requiring a connection-to-ground. Antenna Layout Directivity is affected by antenna trace layout. No ground plane should be under the antenna trace. For consistent performance, components should not be placed inside the loop of the antenna. Gerber formats (see Figure 8, for a suggested layout) can be obtained from the Micrel web site at: http://www.micrel.com.
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MICRF113
PCB Board
Assembly Drawing MICRF113 Demo Board
Top Layer MICRF113 Demo Board
Bottom Layer MICRF113 Demo Board
Figure 8. Demo Board PCB
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Vdd
R7 Vdd MICRF113YM6 4 C15 NP 1nF REFOSC DATA Y1 R2 100k C13 18pF 5 6 XTLOUT XTLIN ASK VDD VSS PAOUT 3 2 1
C2 100pF 50V L1 820nH (470nH)
C1 10 F 6.3V
C10 0.1 F 50V
C16 NP
C5 12pF 50V (10pF 50V)
L4 68nH (150nH)
1
13.560MHz (9.4375MHz)
L5 ANTENNA 3
C14 18pF
C12 NP (4.7 F/ 6.3V/ 0805)
C11 NP
C6 NP
C7 4.7pF (6.8pF)
2
J1 1.8V to 3.6V 1 GROUND 2 DATA 3 CON 3
Vdd DATA
J2 EXTERNAL REF-OSC 1 GROUND 2 CON 2 REFOSC
Figure 9. TX113-1c Demo Board Schematic
Notes: 1. 2. 3. Components labeled NP are not placed. Values without parentheses are for 433.92 MHz and values in parentheses are for 315MHz. Value of R7 is selected to vary the output power.
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MICRF113 schematic of the TX113-1c. Note that components labeled as NP (not placed) can be used to obtain different configurations. Table 2 describes each header pin connector used in the demo board.
Functional Description of TX113-1 Evaluation Board.
Figure 8 shows the TX113-1c Demo Board PCB layout and assembly (Gerber format). Figure 9 is a detailed
Pin
Function Name
Functional Description
J1-1 J1-2 J1-3 J2-1 J2-2
VDD VSS ASK REF-OSC VSS
1.8V to 3.6V input voltage Ground Modulating Data Input External Reference Oscillator Input Ground Table 2
TX113-1-433.92 ASK Bill of Materials
Item 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 13 14 Quantity 1 1 1 3 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Ref C1 C2 C5 C6,C11,C16 C7 C13,C14 J1 L1 L4 L5 R2 R7 U1 Y1 Part 10F 100pF 12pF (NP) 4.7pF 18pF CON3 820nH 68nH ANTENNA 100k 0 MICRF113YMM6 13.560MHZ XTAL
Table 3
PCB Footprint 0805 0603 0603
Mfg P/N GRM21BR60J106KE01L GRM1885C1H101JA01D GRM1885C1H100JA01D
Manufacturer muRata muRata muRata
0603 0603 0805 0603
GRM1885C1H4R7JA01D GRM1885C1H180JA01D TSHR-114-S-02-A-GT 0805CS-680XJB 0603CS-082NXJB ANTENNA LOOP, Part of PCB CRCW0603100KFKEA CRC06030000Z0EA MICRF113YMM6 SA-13.5600-F-10-C-3-3
muRata muRata Coilcraft Coilcraft
0603 0603
Vishay Vishay Micrel HIB
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Tx113-1-315MHz ASK Bill of Materials
Item 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 13 14 Quantity 1 1 1 3 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Ref C1 C2 C5 C6,C11,C16 C7 C10 C13,C14 J1,J2 L1 L4 L5 R2 R7 U1 Y1 Part 10F 100pF 10pF (np) 6.8pF 0.1F 18pF CON3 470nH 150nH ANTENNA 100k 0 MICRF113YMM6 9.84375MHZ XTAL
Table 4
PCB Footprint 0805 0603 0603
Mfg P/N GRM21BR60J106KE01L GRM1885C1H101JA01D GRM1885C1H1000JA01D
Manufacturer muRata muRata muRata
0603 0603 0603 0805 0603
0603 0603
GRM1885C1H6R8JA01D GRM188F51H104ZA01D GRM1885C1H180JA01D TSHR-114-S-02-A-GT 0805CS-470XJB 0603CS-R15XJB ANTENNA LOOP, Part of PCB CRCW0603100KFKEA CRC06030000Z0EA MICRF113YMM6 SA-9.84375-F-10-C-3-3
muRata muRata muRata Coilcraft Coilcraft
Vishay Vishay Micrel HIB
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Package Information
6-Pin Sot Package Type (YM6)
Notes: 1. Dimensions and tolerances are in accordance with ANSI Y14.5M, 1982. 2. Package surface to be mirror finish. 3. Die is facing up for mold. Die is facing down for trim/form, that is, reverse trim/form. 4. The footlength measuring is based on the gauge plane method.
5
Dimensions are exclusive of mold flash and gate burr.
MICREL, INC. 2180 FORTUNE DRIVE SAN JOSE, CA 95131 USA
TEL +1 (408) 944-0800 FAX +1 (408) 474-1000 WEB http://www.micrel.com
The information furnished by Micrel in this data sheet is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Micrel for its use. Micrel reserves the right to change circuitry and specifications at any time without notification to the customer. Micrel Products are not designed or authorized for use as components in life support appliances, devices or systems where malfunction of a product can reasonably be expected to result in personal injury. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems that (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body or (b) support or sustain life, and whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury to the user. A Purchaser's use or sale of Micrel Products for use in life support appliances, devices or systems is at Purchaser's own risk and Purchaser agrees to fully indemnify Micrel for any damages resulting from such use or sale. (c) 2008 Micrel, Incorporated.
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